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Propylene Oxide
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Category:
Specialty Chemicals
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Product Profile
Propylene Oxide (1,2-Epoxypropane)
CAS No.: 75-56-9
IUPAC / Synonyms: Propylene Oxide, 1,2-Epoxypropane, Methyloxirane
Physicochemical Properties (Typical)
- Appearance: Colorless, clear liquid
- Odor: Ether-like, slightly sweet
- Molecular Formula: C₃H₆O
- Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol
- Melting / Freezing Point: ~ –112.0 °C
- Boiling Point: ~34.0–35.0 °C
- Density (20–25 °C): ~0.83 g/cm³
- Vapor Pressure (20 °C): ~445 mmHg
- Flash Point: ~–37 °C (closed cup)
- Autoignition Temperature: ~430 °C
- Explosive / Flammable Limits (v/v in air): ~1.9% – 36%
- Solubility in Water (20 °C): ~40 g / 100 mL (partially miscible)
- Refractive Index (n²⁰ᴰ): ~1.366
- Log P (octanol/water): ~0.03
Purity & Quality Standards
- Purity (e.g. by GC): ≥99.0%
- Water / Moisture Content: ≤0.5%
- Volatile Impurities: Controlled within strict limits
- Acid / Base Impurities: Minimal
- Heavy Metals: ≤0.001% (typical)
- Analytical Methods: Gas chromatography, spectroscopy, titration
- Documentation: COA and SDS provided
Applications / Uses
- Intermediate in production of polyether polyols (for polyurethanes)
- Manufacture of propylene glycol, glycol ethers, and propylene carbonate
- Solvent or reagent in organic syntheses
- Fumigant / sterilization agent in some controlled applications
- Additive for coatings, adhesives, lubricants, surfactants
Safety & Handling
- Hazard Class: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor
- Health Hazards: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; may depress CNS at high exposure; probable human carcinogen
- Exposure Limits: TLV / OSHA ~20 ppm; IDLH ~2,000 ppm
- Precautions: Use in well-ventilated area; wear gloves, goggles, respiratory protection
- Fire & Explosion: Vapor may form explosive mixtures; avoid ignition sources and static
- Reactivity / Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metal catalysts, peroxides
- Hazardous Polymerization: May polymerize under elevated temperature, catalysts, or with contaminants
- First Aid: Inhalation - fresh air; Skin - rinse with water; Eyes - flush with water; Ingestion - seek medical attention
Packaging & Storage
- Packaging: Sealed, compatible containers (metal drums, lined vessels)
- Storage Conditions: Cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, flame, sunlight
- Container Closure: Keep tightly sealed
- Storage Temperature: Often under inert gas (e.g. nitrogen)
- Shelf Life: 12–24 months under proper storage