Ethyl Formate
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Category:
Specialty Chemicals
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Product Profile
1. Chemical Structure and Properties
Molecular Formula: C₃H₆O₂
Structural Formula: HCOOCH₂CH₃ — An ester compound formed from formic acid and ethanol.
Physical Properties:
Appearance: Colorless liquid with a characteristic fruity odor
Boiling Point: 54–55°C
Density: 0.895 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Miscible with most organic solvents; slightly soluble in water
Chemical Properties:
Volatile and flammable
Ester functional group provides moderate reactivity under acidic or basic conditions
Stable under normal conditions but can hydrolyze in strong acid or base
2. Industrial Applications
Solvent: Commonly used in coatings, adhesives, and cleaning agents
Flavor and Fragrance: Provides a fruity note in food and cosmetic products
Chemical Intermediate: Used in synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other esters
3. Safety and Toxicology
Health Hazards: Can cause mild irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid; avoid heat, sparks, or open flames
Protective Measures: Use gloves, goggles, and ensure proper ventilation; in case of contact, rinse thoroughly and seek medical advice if irritation persists
4. Environmental and Regulatory Considerations
Environmental Impact: Biodegradable; avoid release into waterways
Regulatory Compliance: Listed under major chemical inventories; transport as flammable liquid (UN 1173)
5. Case Studies / Application Insights
Food Industry: Used as a natural flavoring agent in confectionery and baked goods
Industrial Coatings: Acts as a fast-drying solvent in paints and varnishes, improving surface finish
Chemical Synthesis: Intermediate in production of various esters and agrochemicals