Triethanolamine (TEA)
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Category:
Aliphatic Amines
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China Amines Co
Product Profile
1. Chemical Structure and Properties
Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₅NO₃
Structural Formula: N(CH₂CH₂OH)₃ — Triethanolamine is a tertiary amine with three hydroxyethyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom.
Physical Properties:
Appearance: Colorless, viscous liquid
Boiling Point: 360°C (decomposes)
Density: 1.125 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Completely miscible with water, alcohols, and ether
Chemical Properties:
Weakly basic tertiary amine and polyhydroxy compound
Amphiphilic nature gives emulsifying and surfactant properties
Stable under normal conditions, decomposes at elevated temperatures
2. Industrial Applications
pH Regulator and Neutralizer:
Used extensively in cosmetics and personal care products to balance pH
Neutralizes acids in industrial cleaners and detergents
Corrosion Inhibitor:
Protects metal surfaces in industrial metalworking fluids and cooling systems
Chemical Intermediate:
Key raw material for producing surfactants, emulsifiers, and gas treatment chemicals
Used in manufacture of detergents and textile auxiliaries
Pharmaceuticals and Agriculture:
Formulation aid in certain pharmaceuticals and pesticides
3. Safety and Toxicology
Health Hazards:
May cause mild irritation to skin and eyes
Inhalation of mists can irritate respiratory tract
Low acute toxicity but prolonged exposure should be avoided
Fire & Explosion:
Not highly flammable; decomposes at high temperatures releasing toxic fumes
Keep away from strong oxidizers and ignition sources
Protective Measures:
Use gloves, goggles, and ensure good ventilation
In case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical help if irritation persists
4. Environmental and Regulatory Considerations
Environmental Impact:
Biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Low bioaccumulation potential
Avoid discharge into waterways
Regulatory Compliance:
Registered under EU REACH regulations
Listed on the US TSCA inventory
Transport: UN 3267, Class 8 (corrosive), Packing Group III
5. Case Studies: Application Insights
Cosmetics Industry:
Used as a pH adjuster in lotions and shampoos to improve skin compatibility
Metalworking Fluids:
Enhances corrosion resistance, prolonging tool and equipment life
Textile Processing:
Employed as an emulsifier and pH stabilizer in dyeing and finishing