Polyacrylamide (PAM)

   CAS No.: 9003-05-8
   Synonyms / IUPAC Name: Poly(acrylamide), (C₃H₅NO)ₙ
   Molecular Formula: (C₃H₅NO)ₙ
   General Description: High-molecular-weight water-soluble polymer available in non-ionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric types, widely used for flocculation, thickening, drag-reduction and stabilization.

Physicochemical Properties (Typical)

• Appearance: White to pale yellow granular or powder form
• Solubility: Soluble in cold water (forming clear solution); insoluble in many organic solvents (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene, gasoline)
• Density: Approx. ~1.30 g/cm³ at 25 °C (varies by grade)
• Thermal Behavior: Solid softening or decomposition at elevated temperatures; high-molecular-weight grades stable to moderate heat
• Molecular Weight Range: Very broad, from millions to tens of millions g/mol depending on grade and type

Purity & Quality Standards

• Typical solid content (dry powders) or concentration (aqueous solutions): ≥ ~88%
• Residual acrylamide monomer: Controlled to very low levels (ppm) for safety
• Ion-type specification: Non-ionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric, with defined charge density and molecular weight distribution
• Documentation: Certificate of Analysis (COA) and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided for each production batch

Applications / Uses

• Water treatment (industrial wastewater, municipal effluent) as flocculant or coagulant aid
• Mining and mineral processing (tailings treatment, flotation, dewatering)
• Oil and gas industry (enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluids, thickening agents)
• Paper and pulp industry (retention, drainage, sizing additives)
• Soil conditioning, erosion control, construction grouting and stabilization

Safety & Handling

• Hazard Classification: Generally not hazardous when properly processed; residual acrylamide monomer must be minimized
• Health Hazards:
• Powder may cause eye or skin irritation
• Inhalation of dust should be avoided
• Fire & Explosion: Standard polymer solid; dust generation should be minimized in enclosed areas
• Handling Precautions:
• Use dust-control measures
• Wear protective gloves, goggles, and respirator if dust is generated
• Ensure adequate ventilation
• First Aid:
• Inhalation: Move to fresh air
• Skin: Wash with soap and water
• Eyes: Rinse thoroughly for several minutes
• Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if necessary

Packaging & Storage

• Packaging: Dry granules or powder packed in sealed moisture-resistant bags, multi-wall paper bags with inner liner, or as aqueous solution in jerry-cans/drums depending on grade
• Storage Conditions: Cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture, heat, sunlight, and incompatible substances
• Container Closure: Keep tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination
• Shelf Life: Typically 12–24 months under recommended storage conditions, depending on grade and packaging
• Handling Note: Avoid storage near ignition sources; ensure dust control during transfers