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Methyl Chloride
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Category:
Specialty Chemicals
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Product Profile
Methyl Chloride (Chloromethane)
CAS No.: 74-87-3
Synonyms / IUPAC Name: Methyl Chloride, Chloromethane, Monochloromethane
Molecular Formula: CH₃Cl
Molecular Weight: 50.49 g/mol
Physicochemical Properties (Typical)
- Appearance: Colorless gas under ambient conditions
- Odor: Faint, slightly sweet
- Melting Point: ≈ –97 °C
- Boiling Point: ≈ –23.8 °C
- Density (liquid, –23 °C): ≈ 1.00 g/mL
- Vapor Density (air = 1): ≈ 1.7
- Vapor Pressure (20 °C): Very high
- Solubility in Water (20 °C): ≈ 5 g/L
- Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons
- Flash Point: ≈ –45 °C (closed cup)
- Auto-ignition Temperature: ≈ 630 °C
- Explosive Limits (v/v in air): ≈ 8 % – 17 %
- Refractive Index (n²⁰ᴰ): ≈ 1.33
- Stability: Stable under normal storage; sensitive to heat and strong oxidizers
Purity & Quality Standards
- Purity (by GC): ≥99.5%
- Moisture Content: ≤0.005%
- Non-volatile Residue: ≤0.001%
- Acidity (as HCl): ≤0.001%
- Heavy Metals: ≤0.001%
- Analytical Methods: Gas chromatography, spectroscopy
- Documentation: COA and SDS provided
Applications / Uses
- Methylating and chlorinating agent in organic synthesis
- Intermediate for production of silicones, quaternary ammonium salts, and methyl ethers
- Refrigerant in low-temperature systems (historical applications)
- Solvent for resins, greases, and waxes
- Chemical feedstock for pharmaceutical and polymer industries
Safety & Handling
- Hazard Class: Flammable gas, Toxic by inhalation
- Health Hazards: Inhalation may cause dizziness, headache, CNS depression; high exposure may affect liver and kidneys
- Exposure Limits: TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm; IDLH 2000 ppm
- Precautions: Use only in well-ventilated areas; avoid sparks and open flames; wear goggles, gloves, respiratory protection
- Fire & Explosion: Extremely flammable; vapors may travel and ignite at a distance; use explosion-proof equipment
- Reactivity / Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, alkali metals, powdered aluminum or magnesium
- Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride and phosgene under fire conditions
Packaging & Storage
- Packaging: Compressed-gas cylinders designed for flammable gases
- Storage Conditions: Cool, dry, and well-ventilated areas away from heat and ignition sources
- Container Closure: Keep valves closed and cylinders secured upright
- Handling Temperature: Do not exceed 50 °C (122 °F)
- Shelf Life: Indefinite when stored in sealed, clean cylinders under recommended conditions