Cyclohexanone

   CAS No.: 108-94-1
   Synonyms / IUPAC Name: Cyclohexanone; Pimelic ketone; Hexanon
   Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₀O
   Molecular Weight: ~98.14 g/mol
   Appearance: Colourless to pale yellow oily liquid with an acetone- or peppermint-like odour.

Physicochemical Properties (Typical)

• Melting / Freezing Point: Approx. –47 °C (lit)
• Boiling Point: Approx. 155–157 °C at 1 atm
• Density: ~0.947 g/cm³ at 25 °C
• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (~8.7 g/L at 20 °C)
• Vapour Density (Air = 1): ~3.4
• Flash Point (Closed Cup): ~44 °C
• Explosive Limits in Air: ~1.1% to ~9.4% by volume

Purity & Quality Standards

• Typical Purity: ≥ 99.0% by GC for high-grade solvent or intermediate use.
• Appearance: Clear, low colour (APHA ≤10), free from visible particulates or haze.
• Analytical Methods: Gas Chromatography for assay; moisture content and non-volatiles are also controlled.
• Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions when kept away from ignition sources and strong oxidants.

Applications / Uses

• Intermediate for adipic acid and caprolactam production (precursors to nylon 6 and nylon 6,6).
• Industrial solvent for resins, waxes, fats, cellulose lacquers, cleaning agents, and metal degreasing.
• Used as reaction medium or starting material in specialty chemical synthesis.

Safety & Handling

• Highly flammable liquid and vapour — vapour heavier than air and may travel to ignition sources.
• Health Effects: Irritant to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. High exposure may affect the central nervous system, liver, and kidneys.
• Exposure Limits: Typical TLV around 20–25 ppm for vapour in air.
• Precautions:
• Use only in well-ventilated areas or with local exhaust.
• Avoid heat, sparks, flames, and hot surfaces; ground and bond containers and equipment.
• Wear protective gloves, eye/face protection, and flame-resistant clothing.
• Store as a combustible liquid in appropriate flammable storage facilities.
• Reactivity / Incompatibilities: Avoid strong oxidizing agents; polymerization may occur under extreme conditions; vapour may form explosive mixtures with air.

Packaging & Storage

• Packaging: Supplied in sealed, solvent-compatible containers (metal drums or lined containers) suitable for flammable liquids.
• Storage Conditions: Store in a cool (< 30 °C), well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials. Keep containers tightly closed.
• Shelf Life: Stable under proper storage; check container integrity and appearance before long-term use.
• Transport: Classified as flammable liquid (UN 1915) under transport regulations.