2-Methylpropanal (Isobutyraldehyde)

CAS No.: 78-84-2
Synonyms / IUPAC Name: 2-Methylpropanal; Isobutyraldehyde
Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O
Molecular Weight: 72.11 g/mol

Physicochemical Properties (Typical)

• Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent aldehyde-like odor
• Melting Point: approx. –65 °C
• Boiling Point: approx. 63–65 °C at 1 atm
• Density (25 °C): approx. 0.79 g/cm³
• Refractive Index (n²⁰ᴰ): approx. 1.374
• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (~11 g/100 mL at 20 °C); miscible with most organic solvents
• Flash Point (Closed Cup): approx. –24 °C
• Vapor Density (Air = 1): approx. 2.5

Purity & Quality Standards

• Purity: Typically ≥ 98.0% (GC) for technical/intermediate grades
• Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid, free from visible impurities
• Analytical Methods: Gas chromatography, spectroscopic analyses
• Stability: Sensitive to air and light; may form peroxides or polymerize on prolonged exposure

Applications / Uses

• Key intermediate in chemical synthesis (e.g., isobutanol, neopentyl glycol, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals)
• Building block for resins, plasticizers, and specialty chemicals
• Used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives, and fragrance ingredients

Safety & Handling

• Classification: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
• Health Hazards:
• Inhalation: May cause dizziness, headache, or central nervous system effects
• Skin Contact: May cause irritation
• Eye Contact: Causes serious eye irritation
• Precautions:
• Use in well-ventilated areas; keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces
• Wear protective gloves, eye/face shield, and flame-resistant clothing
• Ground and bond containers; use non-sparking tools
• Reactivity: Contact with strong oxidizers, acids, or bases may lead to polymerization or hazardous reactions
• First Aid:
• Inhalation: Move to fresh air; keep comfortable for breathing; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
• Skin: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
• Eyes: Rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes; seek medical advice if irritation continues
• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention

Packaging & Storage

• Packaging: Provided in sealed, solvent-compatible containers rated for flammable liquids
• Storage Conditions: Store in a cool (< 30 °C), dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources and incompatible materials
• Container Closure: Keep tightly closed when not in use to prevent oxidation and vapor release
• Shelf Life: Typically 12–24 months under recommended storage conditions